Opinion
April 4, 1988
Appeal from the Supreme Court, Putnam County (Dickinson, J.).
Ordered that the order is modified, on the law, by (1) deleting the provision thereof which granted the plaintiffs' motion to compel compliance with their demand for authorizations with the exception of the driver's education and ophthalmological records which the appellants' counsel authorized released, and substituting therefor a provision denying the plaintiffs' motion to compel compliance with their demand for authorizations with the exception of the driver's education and ophthalmological records which the appellants' counsel authorized released, and (2) deleting the provision thereof which denied the cross motion to dismiss the first cause of action as against the defendant Donald Gibbons, and substituting therefor a provision granting the cross motion; as so modified, the order is affirmed, with costs to the appellants; the appellants' time to provide authorizations with respect to Robert S. Gibbons's driver's education and ophthalmological records is extended until 30 days after service upon them of a copy of this decision and order, with notice of entry.
The infant plaintiff sustained severe and permanent personal injuries on July 24, 1984, when the automobile in which he was a passenger collided with a dump truck which was parked in such manner as to be partially obstructing a portion of the roadway along Peekskill Hollow Road in the Town of Putnam Valley. The subject vehicle was being operated by the defendant Robert S. Gibbons, and was registered in the name of his mother, Joan F. Gibbons.
Discovery with respect to a party's mental or physical condition is permitted only when that party's mental or physical condition has been placed in controversy (CPLR 3121 [a]). Such a situation may arise where a defendant affirmatively asserts the condition either by way of counterclaim or to excuse the conduct complained of by the plaintiff (Koump v. Smith, 25 N.Y.2d 287, 294).
In the instant case, Robert's mental and physical condition was not placed in controversy by the plaintiffs' unsupported allegations that he was intellectually or psychologically incapable of operating a motor vehicle, given the appellants' general denial and the fact that the depositions failed to reveal that Robert suffered from any mental or physical disability at the time of the accident (see, Koump v. Smith, supra; D'Alessio v. Nabisco, Inc., 123 A.D.2d 816, 817; Gaglia v Wells, 112 A.D.2d 138, 139).
In any event, the demand for authorizations pertaining to all of Robert's educational and medical records was overbroad and patently improper (see, Ielovich v. Taylor Mach. Works, 128 A.D.2d 676; Zimmerman v. New York City Tr. Auth., 115 A.D.2d 738). Counsel for the appellants nevertheless offered to authorize the release of Robert's driver's education and ophthalmological records as reasonably pertinent to the underlying action. The plaintiffs' demand for authorizations should have been granted only to this limited extent.
It was also error for the Supreme Court to have denied the cross motion to dismiss the negligence cause of action against the defendant Donald Gibbons given the plaintiffs' failure to have rebutted the presumption that true ownership is in the registered owner of a vehicle or the one holding the documents of title (see, Matter of Jessup v. D'Elia, 116 A.D.2d 578, 579, affd 69 N.Y.2d 1030). Thompson, J.P., Brown, Weinstein and Balletta, JJ., concur.