Summary
In Camaione, the Borough unilaterally terminated Heart and Lung Act benefits in the context of involuntarily retiring the employee for economic reasons.
Summary of this case from Sidlow v. Township of Nether ProvidenceOpinion
Argued October 5, 1987.
January 27, 1988.
Police — Act of June 28, 1935, P.L. 477 — Heart and Lung benefits — Notice — Termination — Mandamus.
1. A police officer's property rights in Heart and Lung benefits under the Act of June 28, 1935, P.L. 477, cannot be terminated by an involuntary retirement action unless that action also contains notice to the retiree of the effect the involuntary retirement will have on the retiree's right to those benefits. [117-18]
2. Mandamus lies to force the reinstatement of Heart and Lung benefits under the Act of June 28, 1935, P.L. 477, until those benefits are terminated through a proper administrative adjudication. [118]
Argued October 5, 1987, before Judges MacPHAIL and COLINS, and Senior Judge KALISH, sitting as a panel of three.
Appeal, No. 2045 C.D. 1986, from the Order of the Court of Common Pleas of Westmoreland County in the case of Joseph Camaione, Sr. v. Borough of Latrobe, No. 3473 of 1984.
Complaint in mandamus in the Court of Common Pleas of Westmoreland County by retired police officer against borough. Complaint dismissed. MIHALICH, P.J. Complainant appealed to the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania. Held: Reversed and remanded.
Vincent J. Quatrini, Jr., for appellant.
James E. Kelley, Jr., with him, Gene E. McDonald, Lightcap, McDonald, More Mason, for appellee.
Joseph Camaione, Sr. (Appellant) has appealed from an order of the Court of Common Pleas of Westmoreland County (trial court) which dismissed his complaint in mandamus. For the reasons which follow, we reverse the trial court's order and remand to that court to direct the reinstatement of Appellant's benefits until such time as it has been determined in an evidentiary hearing that Appellant's temporary disability has ceased.
Joint stipulations of fact filed in this case reveal that Appellant suffered a work-related injury on February 5, 1975, while employed as a police officer by the Borough of Latrobe (Borough). From the date of his injury to September 1, 1981, Appellant received both workmen's compensation benefits and a salary supplement (Heart and Lung Benefits) pursuant to Section 1 of the Act of June 28, 1935 (Act), P.L. 477, as amended, 53 P. S. § 637.
See Joint Stipulations of Fact, Reproduced Record at 18. Although the trial court also ordered an evidentiary hearing, we are informed by the briefs of counsel that no such hearing has been held.
Effective September 1, 1981, the Borough involuntarily retired Appellant for economic reasons and terminated payment of his Heart and Lung benefits and began monthly payments of Appellant's retirement benefits. Appellant continued to receive his monthly workmen's compensation benefits until January, 1983, when following a referee's hearing, Appellant's condition was determined to have changed from total to partial disability and his benefits were reduced to $63.00 per week. The referee also found that the partial disability would remain for 500 weeks and commuted his entitlement to a $25,000.00 lump sum which Appellant received on approximately February 22, 1983.
Appellant's complaint in mandamus was filed in the trial court on May 22, 1984, and was dismissed by that court on May 22, 1986. The instant appeal followed.
Appellant first argues that the termination of his Heart and Lung benefits was not proper because he was not first given notice and a hearing on the matter.
Our Supreme Court dealt with a similar issue in Callahan v. Pennsylvania State Police, 494 Pa. 461, 431 A.2d 946 (1981), which also involved a police officer's claim that his Heart and Lung benefits had been improperly terminated. In Callahan, the state police medical officer and an official in the State Workmen's Insurance Fund unilaterally determined that Mr. Callahan's disability had changed from temporary to permanent and that he was therefore no longer entitled to Heart and Lung benefits and a letter to that effect was sent to Mr. Callahan.
In that case our Supreme Court stated that "[a]djudicatory action cannot be validly taken by any tribunal, . . . except upon a hearing wherein each party has opportunity to know of the claims of his opponent, to hear the evidence introduced against him, to cross-examine witnesses, to introduce evidence on his own behalf, and to make argument." Id. at 465, 431 A.2d at 948.
This Court, however, also dealt with a situation similar to that presented here in Hasinecz v. Pennsylvania State Police, 100 Pa. Commw. 622, 515 A.2d 351 (1986). In that case, Mr. Hasinecz (Claimant) became disabled in the course of his employment as a police officer and received Heart and Lung benefits until he voluntarily retired. Claimant then requested that his retirement be revoked and his Heart and Lung benefits be reinstated until his doctor released him for full-time duty with the police force. The request was denied following which Claimant requested a hearing to determine his right to receive Heart and Lung benefits during the period following his retirement. That request was also denied.
On appeal to this Court, we determined that Claimant had no personal or property right entitling him to a hearing under the Administrative Agency Law because pursuant to police policy, he had no right to reinstatement with the police force nor did he have a right to Heart and Lung benefits after his retirement since he was no longer a "member" of the police force and, accordingly, was not within the class of persons granted benefits under the Heart and Lung Act.
See Sections 101 and 504 of the Administrative Agency Law, 2 Pa. C. S. §§ 101 and 504.
In reconciling these two cases a critical distinction becomes apparent. In Hasinecz, claimant lost his right to Heart and Lung benefits by voluntarily retiring, while in Callahan, the claimant's right to Heart and Lung benefits was lost through the unilateral determination of the State Workmen's Insurance Fund that Mr. Callahan's disability had changed from temporary to permanent. We believe the situation presented in the present case is similar to that presented in Callahan.
In the present case Appellant's right to Heart and Lung benefits was lost through the Borough's act of involuntarily retiring him. Although Appellant was afforded his due process rights with respect to the involuntary retirement action, he was given no notice that that procedure would also dispose of his separate but dependent rights under the Heart and Lung Act. In cases such as that presented here, the potential for abuse by the Borough in involuntarily retiring employees in order to terminate their responsibility under the Heart and Lung Act appears clear.
We have stated that adequate notice of administrative action is notice which is reasonably calculated under all the circumstances to apprise the parties of the pendency of the action and give them an opportunity to present their objections. Clark v. Department of Public Welfare, 58 Pa. Commw. 142, 427 A.2d 712 (1981).
Clearly, the notice provided Appellant in the instant case was not adequate since it did not inform Appellant that the Borough intended to not only involuntarily retire him but to also terminate his Heart and Lung benefits based on his involuntary retirement.
Accordingly, we hold that one's property rights under the Heart and Lung Act cannot be extinguished by an involuntary retirement action unless that action also contains notice to the retiree of the effect involuntary retirement will have on the retiree's right to Heart and Lung benefits. Callahan.
We emphasize that Heart and Lung benefits also cannot be terminated later in a separate adjudication on the basis that the retiree is no longer an "employee" where the initial involuntary retirement action did not notify the retiree that retirement would provide a basis for the termination of Heart and Lung benefits. In situations such as that presented here, it appears that in order to terminate Heart and Lung benefits, the Borough must conduct a hearing and prove that Appellant's partial disability has ceased or become permanent.
Since the notice provided Appellant in the present case with respect to his involuntary retirement did not also notify him of the effect involuntary retirement would have on his right to Heart and Lung benefits, those benefits cannot be terminated on the basis of his involuntary retirement.
Further, we agree with Appellant that the proper relief in mandamus in this case is the reinstatement of his Heart and Lung benefits until such time that those benefits are terminated through a proper administrative adjudiction. See McKelvey v. Colonial School District, 35 Pa. Commw. 264, 385 A.2d 1040 (1978).
The Borough also argues that the instant action is barred because Appellant failed to bring the action within 30 days (as required by Section 5571(b) of the Judicial Code, 42 Pa. C. S. § 5571(b)) of the Borough's involuntary retirement action and subsequent termination of his Heart and Lung benefits.
Since we have determined that Appellant's Heart and Lung benefits cannot be terminated based on his involuntary retirement in this case and since there has been no adjudication or final order with respect to Appellant's Heart and Lung benefits, the 30-day limitation period for the filing of appeals does not apply.
In light of our foregoing determination, we find it unnecessary to address Appellant's other arguments.
Appellant also argued that the workmen's compensation referee's determination that Appellant's total disability had resolved to partial and would last for an additional 500 weeks did not provide a proper basis for the automatic termination of his Heart and Lung benefits and that his case was not untimely filed because there is no statute of limitations in the Act and a period of reasonableness under the circumstances applies.
ORDER
The order of the Court of Common Pleas of Westmoreland County is reversed and this case is remanded to that court to direct the reinstatement of Appellant's Heart and Lung benefits until such time as the Borough, after an evidentiary hearing, has proven that Appellant's temporary disability has ceased.
Jurisdiction relinquished.