Opinion
No. 14-17175
03-01-2018
STEVE K. WILSON BRIGGS, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. SONY PICTURES ENTERTAINMENT, INC.; TRISTAR PICTURES, INC.; MEDIA RIGHTS CAPITAL; QED INTERNATIONAL; NEILL BLOMKAMP, Defendants-Appellees.
NOT FOR PUBLICATION
D.C. No. 4:13-cv-04679-PJH MEMORANDUM Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of California
Phyllis J. Hamilton, Chief Judge, Presiding Before: Thomas, Chief Judge, Trott and Silverman, Circuit Judges.
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
Steve K. Wilson Briggs appeals pro se from the district court's summary judgment in his copyright action. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review de novo, Cavalier v. Random House, Inc., 297 F.3d 815, 822 (9th Cir. 2002), and we affirm.
The district court properly granted summary judgment on Briggs's copyright infringement claim because Briggs failed to raise a genuine dispute of material fact as to whether defendants accessed his screenplay Butterfly Driver, or whether Briggs's screenplay and defendants' film Elysium are either strikingly or substantially similar. See L.A. Printex Indus., Inc. v. Aeropostale, Inc., 676 F.3d 841, 846 (9th Cir. 2012) (setting forth ways a plaintiff may prove access); Baxter v. MCA, Inc., 812 F.2d 421, 423 (9th Cir. 1987) ("Absent evidence of access, a 'striking similarity' between the works may give rise to a permissible inference of copying."); see also Benay v. Warner Bros. Entm't, Inc., 607 F.3d 620, 624-25 (9th Cir. 2010) (setting forth the extrinsic test to assess substantial similarity between specific expressive elements of copyrighted works at issue, such as plot, sequence of events, theme, dialogue, mood, setting, pace, and characters).
We reject Briggs's unsupported contention that the district court applied the wrong standard for deciding whether the defendant has accessed the plaintiff's work. L.A. Printex did not overrule Art Attacks Ink, LLC v. MGA Entertainment, Inc., 581 F.3d 1138 (9th Cir. 2009), or Three Boys Music Corp. v. Bolton, 212 F.3d 477 (9th Cir. 2000), by not expressly reiterating that speculation or conjecture fails to establish a reasonable probability of access. See L.A. Printex, 676 F.3d at 846 (""To prove access, a plaintiff must show a reasonable possibility, not merely a bare possibility, that an alleged infringer had the chance to view the protected work."") (quoting Art Attacks Ink, 581 F.3d at 1143); see also Nelson v. Pima Cmty. Coll., 83 F.3d 1075, 1081-82 (9th Cir. 1996) ("[M]ere allegation and speculation do not create a factual dispute for purposes of summary judgment."). This court in Loomis v. Cornish reaffirmed that access can be proved with circumstantial evidence either by a chain of events linking the plaintiff's work and the defendant's access, or by showing that the plaintiff's work has been widely disseminated. See Loomis v. Cornish, 836 F.3d 991, 995 (9th Cir. 2016). Summary judgment was proper because Briggs's speculations about access did not raise a triable dispute.
The district court did not abuse its discretion by denying Briggs's motion to amend his complaint after the deadline set forth in the pretrial scheduling order because Briggs failed to show "good cause." See Johnson v. Mammoth Recreations, Inc., 975 F.2d 604, 607-09 (9th Cir. 1992) (setting forth standard of review and the "good cause" requirement to modify a scheduling order).
The district court did not abuse its discretion by granting Briggs a shorter discovery continuance than he had requested. See Martel v. Cnty. of Los Angeles, 56 F.3d 993, 995 (9th Cir. 1995) (en banc) ("[A] district court's decision to deny a continuance sought for the purposes of obtaining discovery will be disturbed only upon the clearest showing that denial of discovery results in actual and substantial prejudice to the complaining litigant.") (citation and internal quotation marks omitted).
AFFIRMED.