Opinion
No. 5-3703
Opinion delivered January 10, 1966.
1. TRIAL — MANNER OF ARRIVING AT VERDICT — QUOTIENT VERDICT DEFINED. — A quotient verdict is ascertained by adding 12 separate amounts and dividing the total by 12 so that only one result can be reached, is not a lottery and may not be impeached by evidence of a juror. 2. NEW TRIAL — VERDICT BY LOT AS GROUNDS FOR. — Verdict reached by lot involves an element of chance and may be impeached by testimony of any of the jurors on the matter of a new trial. 3. NEW TRIAL — QUOTIENT VERDICT AS GROUNDS FOR. — Trial court affirmed in overruling motion for new trial where there was no evidence that jurors agreed in advance to be bound by quotient figure and there was nothing to show that jurors in reaching a verdict relied on lot instead of deliberation and exercise of discretion.
Appeal from Boone Circuit Court; Ernie E. Wright, Judge; affirmed.
Mark E. Woolsey and Phil Stratton, for appellant.
Walker, Villines Spears, for appellee.
This appeal concerns the manner by which the jury arrived at its verdict.
On November 5, 1964 appellant, Arkansas State Highway Commission, filed a complaint and declaration of taking in the Circuit Court of Boone County, condemning a small parcel of land belonging to appellee. Maybelle Vandiver, for the purpose of improving and widening U.S. Highways 62-65. Appellee answered, seeking compensation in the amount of $20,000. There was a trial, and the jury returned a verdict in favor of appellee in the sum of $7,150. Appellant filed a motion for a new trial alleging "that the face of the verdict shows it to be a quotient verdict." The motion was overruled, and appellant now prosecutes this appeal.
The only point relied on by appellant for a reversal is: "The verdict of the jury was a quotient verdict and was contrary to law." Appellant's contention and argument is based on page 89 of the record which is quoted verbatim below:
"We the jury find for the Defendant, Maybelle Vandiver, and against the Plaintiff, Arkansas State Highway Commission, and fix her damages in the sum of $7,150.
Filed 3/24/65 Raymond Dwyer
Troy Andrews, Clerk Foreman
4500 X 8000 X 6500 X 6500 X 7500 X 8000 X 8000 X 7500 X 7500 X 7500 X 8000 X 6300 X __________
12)85,800 (7150 84 ___
18 12 __
60"
In appellant's able and well presented argument it appears to us it is erroneously assumed that a "quotient verdict" is one and the same thing as a "verdict by lot." Our own decisions have made a clear distinction between the two kinds of verdicts, approving the former and condemning the latter.
In Sheer v. State, 130 Ark. 457 (p. 464), 198 S.W. 113, we said: "Lot involves an element of chance. The quotient verdict is not the result of lottery." The jury used the same method as used here to reach a verdict in Steed v. Wright, 179 Ark. 812 (p. 816), 18 S.W.2d 340. We approved the verdict, stating: "The testimony of this witness does not show that they agreed in advance to be bound by such procedure . . . ." The same question here presented was considered in the case of St. Louis-San Francisco Railway Company v. Steele, 185 Ark. 196 (p. 201), 46 S.W.2d 628, and we approved the verdict. In doing so, we said:
"In any event, their testimony tends to show it was a quotient verdict, and it could not be impeached by the testimony of any of the jurors, whether they agreed to it or not, as having been reached by lot." (Emphasis added.)
The same result, on similar facts, was reached in The Coca-Cola Bottling Company v. Davidson, 193 Ark. 825. 102 S.W.2d 833. Likewise, the same question was considered on facts comparable to those here in the case of Kennedy v. Griffin, 195 Ark. 379, (p. 384), 112 S.W.2d 644. In approving the verdict in that case, we said:
"Even if these calculations be accepted as made by the jury, it would only tend to show a quotient verdict instead of a verdict by lot." (Emphasis added.)
In Connelly v. State, 234 Ark. 113, (p. 144), 350 S.W.2d 298, this Court, in a Per Curiam opinion, said:
"These affidavits do not show the verdict against Mrs. Connelly was reached by lot. The worst that can be said of the verdict is that it was a quotient verdict, and not a verdict reached by lot. It is only in a case of a verdict reached by lot that a juror may be heard to impeach his verdict 43-2204 Ark. Stats.)"
In the case under consideration there is no evidence to show, nor is there any contention, that the jurors agreed in advance to be bound by the quotient figure of $7,150. There is nothing to show or even indicate the jurors, in reaching to a verdict, relied on lot or chance instead of deliberation and the exercise of discretion. In fact the trial court, in instructing the jury, said: "You must not use any method of mere chance in arriving at a verdict, but base it on the judgment of each juror concurring therein."
Accordingly, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
Affirmed.