Summary
stating that a negligent misrepresentation claim cannot be alleged with a breach of contract claim "unless a special relationship exists between the parties, and the alleged misrepresentation concerns a matter which is extraneous to the contract itself"
Summary of this case from Honeywell Int'l Inc. v. Forged Metals Inc.Opinion
September 29, 1997
Appeal from the Supreme Court, Westchester County (Silverman, J.).
Ordered that the order is reversed insofar as appealed from, with costs, those branches of the defendant's motion which were to dismiss the plaintiff's third, fourth, and fifth causes of action asserted in the amended complaint are granted, and those causes of action are dismissed.
The third cause of action to recover damages in quantum meruit should have been dismissed. Where, as here, there is no dispute as to the existence of a contract and the contract covers the dispute between the parties, a plaintiff may not proceed upon a theory of quantum meruit as well as seek to recover damages for breach of contract ( see, Clark-Fitzpatrick, Inc. v. Long Is. R. R. Co., 70 N.Y.2d 382; Harder v. Reedy, 217 A.D.2d 833).
The plaintiff also failed to state a cause of action to recover damages for fraud (the fourth cause of action), since it failed to allege that the defendant made a material representation concerning an intention to perform a duty which is collateral or extraneous to the contract between the parties ( see, Sforza v Health Ins. Plan, 210 A.D.2d 214; Americana Petroleum Corp. v Northville Indus. Corp., 200 A.D.2d 646, 647; Edwil Indus. v. Stroba Instruments Corp., 131 A.D.2d 425). While the additional work for which the plaintiff seeks payment was outside the scope of the written contract, the alleged fraudulent representations which allegedly induced the plaintiff to perform the additional work were directly related to a specific provision of the contract. It is well settled that a cause of action to recover damages for fraud may not be maintained when the only fraud charged relates to a breach of contract ( see, Gordon v. De Laurentiis Corp., 141 A.D.2d 435; see also, Americana Petroleum Corp. v. Northville Indus. Corp., supra).
Similarly, the fifth cause of action, to recover damages for negligent misrepresentation, should have been dismissed. The tort of negligent misrepresentation cannot be independently asserted within the context of a breach of contract action unless a special relationship exists between the parties, and the alleged misrepresentation concerns a matter which is extraneous to the contract itself ( see, Kimmell v. Schaefer, 89 N.Y.2d 257; Clark-Fitzpatrick, Inc. v. Long Is. R. R., supra; RKB Enters. v. Ernst Young, 182 A.D.2d 971; Quail Ridge Assocs. v. Chemical Bank, 162 A.D.2d 917; see also, Murphy v. Kuhn, 90 N.Y.2d 266; Spencer, Insurance Agent Eludes Tort Liability, NYLJ, June 30, 1997, at 1, col 3).
Miller, J.P., Sullivan, Santucci and Joy, JJ., concur.